Contrarian Investor UK blog is back in action after a 2 week break and what a period its been with the markets falling heavily and the U.K. blue chip bell weather BP (BP.) falling close to £4. Then there was Prudential (PRU) backing away from its Asian AIG acquisition following institutional share holder pressure. As they say, a week is a long time in politics but a lifetime in investing!
On May 6th 2010, the U.S. Dow Jones Industrials suffered what is now termed a “Flash crash”. Within a 5 minute period starting at 2.47pm, the index fell 990 points or 9%, then, in around 90 seconds, the index regained 543 points. At the close, the DOW recovered to be down 347.8 points or 3.2%.
The cause of the "flash crash" is still not certain, but various theories have been explored by the U.S. SEC (Securities and Exchange commission). First there was the the "fat finger theory". Although now discounted, there were rumours that a trader mistyped a sell order, mistakenly selling billions of dollars of shares rather than millions. Then attention was focused on automated computer trading systems of the DOW index which may have caused an avalanche of sell orders, particularly platforms which used high speed trading (buying and selling stocks within seconds). Again this seems to have been a contributor to the fall but not the only cause. But the most likely explanation was a sudden loss of liquidity in the market with a huge amount of sellers overwhelming a very limited number of buyers exacerbated by stocks automatically selling on automated stop loss orders. The loss of buying strength was caused by false rumours in the market that the euro was on the verge of collapse and a major bank had gone down in the style of Lehman.
Today Rockhopper Exploration(RKH) inexplicably suffered its own "flash crash". After trading at around the £2.70 mark for much of the day it suddenly began to fall at around 12 noon, falling through the £1.00 barrier and moving into the 60's at its low. The company was forced to issue a news release at 13.52 stating "notes the significant share price movement today. Rockhopper is not aware of any reason for this movement but makes the following update...". Like the DOW flash crash the reasons do not seem to be clear. Some have speculated that this was a market maker induced "tree shake" to flush out sellers and fill orders for large institutions. However, the scale and speed of the falls not only in Rockhopper but also in Desire Petroleum (DES) and Falkland Oil and Gas (FOGL) makes this appear unlikely. It is possible that a "fat finger trade" occurred of sufficient size or more likely a relatively large institutional sell order (a 125,000 sell occurred around 12) which may have destabilised the market in the shares and triggered a cascade of sell orders as automatic stop losses were triggered electronically. As many private investors hold the stock it is plausible they were using automatic stop loss orders which added to the selling panic. Like the DOW "flash crash" a sudden loss of liquidity moved the stock to unbelievably low levels before buyers returned and moved it back to a more normal trading pattern. False rumours of problems relating to the quality of the oil find also seem to have been circulating in the City which added to the downward pressure.
So what are the lessons for private investors of the Rockhopper debacle. First be very careful with stop losses on risky small cap shares since a market maker "tree shake" or sudden rise in selling pressure can move the share price through your stop loss and then before you know it the price has rebounded and you are out of pocket. If you prefer to use stops, them make them wide and normally you won't be caught out (but today's unprecedented Rockhopper fall would still have been difficult to predict in terms of setting a realistic stop loss level). Don't assume a large move in the share price of a small cap is connected with a real news event. False rumours can crush the price temporarily before the false stories are countered.
I was looking to buy into Rockhopper today with the volatility in the 80p-100p range but the sudden moves were frightening even for me without knowing what was going on. Given the news flow to date it seemed unlikely that the reported oil reservoir had come to nothing. But my concern was for an accident BP style on the Ocean Guardian rig in the Falklands so I held off buying. If I'd had the nerve it would have been a very profitable trade indeed. Something seems to have gone very wrong today in the trading of Rockhopper shares and it is probably the small investor that has taken the brunt of the pain.
